There are several techniques that can be used for detecting faults in induction motors. The vibration team suspects a problem with a critical motor at a large pulp and paper facility. 2 x FLine = Torque Pulse Frequency. analysis and design of motor-driven equipment s can be improved by including train electromagnetic this (EM) effect. This method is based on the spectral decomposition of the steady state stator current which can be acquired with simple - Vibration amplitude indicates the severity of the problem. Often there will be an area on the motor housing where the surface temperature will be 20-30 degrees hotter. I 'm truly need someone who help me to explain well this issue. Other important issues are related to the own operation of induction motors. The air gap between the stator and rotor is also highlighted. The determination of Abstract— Vibration problems in induction motors can be extremely frustrating and may lead to greatly reduced reliability. I suspect that we have a problem of out magnetic center. If I remove the side panel of the furnace or if I remove the filter, the vibration goes away. Ball bearings can sustain more vibration than roller bearings when not running. n Stiff shaft motors are built to minimize vibration at all operating speeds. Excessive vibration during operation. Induction motors are simpler, cheaper, and efficient. Now a day lots of techniques and tests are available which gives the complete health card of the induction motors. (Telecommunication Engineering), . Vibration can cause damage in several ways. The system model changes accordingly to the broken rotor bar and this change is studied through the transfer function written for rotor. Where f 1 represents the power frequency, N s is the velocity of the rotating field, and p is the number of motor pole pairs. Induction motor driving a pump at an oil refinery. A damaged stator will also generate a If a rotor bar is broken, the amplitude of the beat increases with load. But when we tried it on a faulty motor the vibration we examined was about 0.80g to 1.29g. It is imperative, in all operations and manufacturing processes that downtime is avoided or minimized. So, we can improve the fault tolerance of the motor using the Vibration sensors. The main causes of motor vibration include, but are not limited to an electronic or mechanical imbalance, faulty gears, failed bearings, loose foundations, wear and tear or misalignment. The faulty motor was subjected to high rotor eccentricity. This is a common frequency found on a high resolution spectrum. It is imperative that downtime is avoided or minimized in all production operations. If the motor is humming and not spinning then the bearings may be froz. 2.1 Electric motor An induction electric motor is composed of a combination of simple circular shafts (with or without keyways) and non-circular section at the motor winding (circular section with radial webs). RMS value = peak to peak value x 0.707 Earlier when the motor was in good condition we got the values around 0.002g. Electromagnetic noise in induction motors has been associated with vibration and studied since the early designs of industrial motors. It is imperative, in all operations and manufacturing processes that down time is avoided or minimized. Fig. The greater the number of poles, the slower the motor runs. So, we can improve the fault tolerance of the motor using the Vibration sensors. However, if the motor is more than 10 years old and less than 1 HP, the motor is usually replaced. We can see the vibration at around n f c , where n is an integer and f c is the carrier frequency. Torsional Vibration Problem with VFD Motor/ID Fan at an Oil Refinery. These problems, if present, may occur when the motor is operating at 60% to 70% of full load. Figure 2: Cross sectional view of three phase induction motor showing stator, rotor, and the housing. Vibration in industrial equipment can be a symptom, or cause, of a problem, or it can be associated with normal operation. In the other hand, problems in the motor rotor totalize 10% of the total of motor 28 shows the vibration velocity emitted from the inverter-fed induction motor. Later, in practical vibration analysis, an idea was introduced that the major source of motor vibration at twice line frequency is a static eccentric air gap [13]-[16]. • Motor has inadequate torque to drive the load. Ranges Output: 2,000 to 8,000 HP Speed: Up to 3,600 RPM Voltage: 2,300 to 13,800 VAC Advantages over Flexible Shaft Induction Motors nStiff shaft machines improve reliability by eliminating magnification of unbalance . Vibration problems in large induction motors can be extremely frustrating and may lead to greatly reduced motor reliability. Normally, rotating machines vibrate at a. The proposed scheme allows us to identify the motor phase affected due to faults related to the stator side, such as current sensors, voltage sensors, and . In this blog post, we work through the three-phase induction motor described in Testing Electromagnetic Analysis Methods (TEAM) workshop problem 30a.We analyze the induction motor in 2D using the transient solver in the Rotating Machinery, Magnetic interface. Soft foot — Soft foot can play a major influence in the vibration of an induction motor. As it is possible to detect other machine faults by monitoring the stator current, a great interest exists in . As induction motor theory has never changed, the electromechanical forcing functions have always existed and created vibration problems. Vibration is simply a back and forth movement—or oscillation—of machines and components in motorized equipment. Phase-to-phase 4. As we will be seen in this chapter, the magnitude of the vibration at a given frequency depends on the magnetic field generated in the motor and the dynamic response of each machine component. The faulty motor was subjected to high rotor eccentricity. VIBRATION AND MOTOR CURRENT ANALYSIS OF INDUCTION MOTORS TO DIAGNOSE MECHANICAL FAULTS. Figure 2b details different type of problems in the motor stators. now summarise the most common bearing problems. Premature bearing failure in the motor and/or the load can result from misalignment. The air compressors have proximity probe vibration monitoring. Noise and vibration in induction motors are caused by forces which are of magnetic, mechanical, and aerodynamic origin. In this paper, a complementary and simplified scheme to diagnose electrical faults in a three-phase induction motor using the parity equations approach during steady state operation bases on the stator current reference frame is presented. If a problem does occur, the source of the problem is quickly identified and corrected. The motor speed is controlled by a low voltage variable frequency drive . Kanović, Željko et al./ Induction Motor Fault Diagnosis Based on Vibration Analysis - A Case Study Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture 17 (2013) 1 49 Radial and axial vibration signals were recorded, containing 100.000 samples collected with 10 kHz sampling rate. Although any motor can be adversely affected, 2-pole machines are especially vulnerable to soft foot problems due to the eccentric electromagnetic forces within the air gap of their design. The induction motor is the most widely employed industrial electric-drive. If supply voltage and frequency are constant, then a squirrel-cage induction motor runs at a constant speed which makes it suitable for use in constant speed drive [1, 2]. The vibration of an electric motor under load will modulate at a rate equal to the number of poles x slip frequency. A variety of de-energized and energized diagnostic tests were conducted—including a rotor inductance test (RIT), vibration testing, a manual rotor test and a 10-second current trace. 2X 3X 4X frequency amplitude 1X. Modern training courses and diagnostic charts associate vibration at twice line frequency in induction motors with an eccentric air gap in the motor. • Improper Voltage. • Overload or instantaneous trip. 492 Induction Motors - Modelling and Control In one hand, the main source of electrical problems in induction motor is in stator that totalizes 37% of the total of failures. This produces a 120Hz vibration of the stator and the number of poles in the winding determines the mode shape of this vibration. If a motor problem does occur, the source of the problem needs to be promptly identified and corrected. Imbalances: An imbalance is like a weighted spot in the rotating component of a motor. Electromagnetic forces are proportional to the flux density squared waveform (Alger, 1965; and Yang, 1981) in an induction motor. problems on AC motors. This high By monitoring some parameters like voltage, current, temperature, and vibration problem could be diagnosed and by correcting these faults the overall efficiency of the machine can be improved. AC Induction Motor Monitoring motor speed and cause a mechanical vibration at twice line frequency. 5. FES Systems Inc. 8 Vibration- Measurable Characteristics . Variable frequency drives (VFDs) used to control the speed of alternating current induction motors have become the preferred mechanism for controlling the speed . The author finishes the paper with two case histories where VFD drives played a major role in the vibration problems experienced by the rotating machinery. But when we tried it on a faulty motor the vibration we examined was about 0.80g to 1.29g. Vibration problems in industrial induction motor s can be extremely frustrating and may lead to greatly reduced reliability. The faulty motor was subjected to high rotor eccentricity. Troubleshooting a Failed Induction Motor. If the Inducer Motor is noisy then this Video will help Determine what the problem is. Such motors have a strong load sensitivity and can run very smoothly in the idle condition, leading to difficulty in separating mechanical and electrical problems. Troubles inside an induction motor shift the motor's composite vibration pattern from what is normal. If a problem occurs due to vibration the source of the problem should be quickly identified and corrected. Bearing problems are one major cause for drive failures. PetoukhovV.S.Diagnostics of a . The number of poles is always an even number (2, 4, 6, etc. INTRODUCTION Field vibration analysis of two pole 3600 cpm motors is a relatively complex problem which most mechanical engineer ing personnel are not well equipped to handle. The aim of this presentation is to clarify the origin of the motor vibration at twice line frequency based on the classical theory of electromagnetic . Turn-to-turn short If the motor keeps running with stator faults, a high current will flow through the windings where the problem is located. To improve efficiency, the fan speed is varied instead of using inlet dampers to control the exhaust flow from the furnace. The following steps should assist you in discovering and fixing vibration problems: Misalignment and unbalanced loads — Misalignment between the motor shaft and the load shaft causes unnecessary vibration. ELECTROMAGNETIC MODEL . Vibration problems in induction motors can be extremely frustrating and may lead to greatly reduced reliability. Open windings 2. Whether you're experiencing Cummins diesel engine starting problems or too much smoke, our specialists have put together a Cummins troubleshooting guide to help keep your marine diesel engine running smoothly. Google Scholar. Vibration problems in industrial induction motors can be extremely frustrating and may lead to greatly reduced reliability. In fact, some of the most complete and best references on vibra tion in induction motors were written 30 to 40 years ago. • Motor takes too long to start. The number of poles is how the speed of the motor is controlled. . Phase-to-ground 3. But when we tried it on a faulty motor the vibration we examined was about 0.80g to 1.29g. With proper knowledge and - Vibration frequency indicates the source of the problem. In January 2015 the motors for pumps 1 and 5 exhibited overheating as well as current and speed fluctuations. you find attached some spectrum FFT's velocity and acceleration, knowing that I don't know the number of rotor bars. The motor manual states that vibration alarm should be at 0.20 in/sec and trip should be set at 0.25 in/sec, (the motors do not have vibration monitoring). • Overload relays take the motor off during full load operation. It is imperative, in all operations and manufacturing processes that down time is avoided or minimized. A problem may also be developing if the 2 X line frequency (7,200 cpm amplitude) exceeds the previous guidelines. We are taken vibration measuring, the amplitude at the motor 1.58 mm/s rms 1RH. So, we can improve the fault tolerance of the motor using the Vibration sensors. PREVIEW "Motor Controllers. Noise, however, is usually accompanied by vibration. Kanović, Željko et al./ Induction Motor Fault Diagnosis Based on Vibration Analysis - A Case Study Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture 17 (2013) 1 49 Radial and axial vibration signals were recorded, containing 100.000 samples collected with 10 kHz sampling rate. In April, Plant Engineering presented a webcast on common issues associated with troubleshooting techniques for ac induction motors presented Michael Lyda, PE, Motor and Drive Engineer, Advanced Energy Corp. and Ronnie Alford, Motor Lab Coordinator, Advanced Energy Corp. Attendees were given an opportunity to ask questions following the presentations. Vibration problems in large induction motors can be extremely frustrating and may lead to greatly reduced motor reliability. As energy costs rise, more emphasis is being placed on determining the health of large inductive motors. Vibration Roller bearings are easily damaged from vibration when the motor is not running, so the rotor is locked during transportation. Rotor Bar Problems - The electrical problem that is most effectively diagnosed and monitored through vibration analysis. In an induction motor, the poles in the stator winding produce a rotating magnetic force that acts across the air gap between stator and rotor. Chapter 4 presents an introduction to vibration spectrum analysis to diagnose faults in rolling element bearings in induction motors. Noise and Vibration Noise indicates motor problems but ordinarily does not cause damage. If a problem does occur the source of the problem is quickly identified and corrected. The MCSA (Motor Current Signal Analysis) is a no n-invasive, on-line monitoring technique for diagnosing problems in induction motors. Hence, the vibration from unique It is imperative, in all operations and manufacturing processes that down time is avoided or minimized. As a result, the current may leak out due to poor insulation. How you "find" it is to couple the motor to the load and rotate it, then let it come to a rest, it will always rest in the mechanical center because of slight tapers in the bearing designs to allow for lubrication etc. Acceptable Vibration Levels Motor and compressors with sleeve bearings do not lend Although an induction motor is highly symmetrical, it may still have a detectable sig-nal component at the fault frequencies due to imperfect manufacture, improper motor installation and so on. If a problem does occur the source of the problem is quickly identified and corrected. It ap pears, however, that only recently has the induction motor been The present investigation involves a case study of squirrel cage induction motor (frequently in the electro machines) has been chosen for the conditional monitoringtopredict its soundness on the basis of results of FFT analyser. The reason for the motor frame with electricity may be that the motor shell is not connected with the ground or has been damaged. Both types can only withstand single and infrequent shocks of 2-3g The largest sources of vibration and noise in induction motors are the radial forces due to the air gap field because the air gap flux density distribution is a product of the resultant mmf wave and the total permeance wave. With proper knowledge and diagnostic procedures, it is normally possible to quickly pinpoint . • Bearing problems. MODELING VIBRATION IN AN INDUCTION MOTOR. II. Vibration problems in large induction motors can be extremely frustrating and may lead to reduced motor reliability. P = # of poles on the motor. This will reduce the energy . PDF - This paper describes a new analytical model for the influence of rolling-element bearing faults on induction motor stator current. Vibration Analysis. Electromagnetic vibration in induction motors is a result of effects of the electromagnetic forcing functions onto the motor rotor and stator. If a problem occurs due to vibration the source of the problem should be quickly identified and corrected. If the grounding equipment is damaged, the motor winding is affected with the damp and the insulation is aged. Vibration analysis is one of the most successful techniques used for condition monitoring of induction motors. It is imperative, in all production operations that downtime be avoided or minimized. The induction motor vibration can be studied through a simple system model with two degrees of freedom. Most electric motors in industrial equipment are three phase alternating current induction motors. ELECTRICAL OVERLOADS: An electrical failure of a winding or connection in the motor can cause other Windings or the entire motor to overheat. AC induction motors. It is often possible to locate the area of damage with either a infrared or thermal detector. Identifying the vibration problems that can occur in induction-motor drives have an added complexity due to the rotating magnetic-fields in the machine. Problems in Industrial Induction Motors by Fang Duan B.E. Vibration problems in large induction motors can be extremely frustrating and may lead to greatly reduced motor reliability. In addition, a cracked rotor will lead to a localized increase in temperature, which in turn causes bowing and uneven expansion. My theory is that the fan works fine when it doesn't have to work hard but when pulling air through the filter (which is new) it has to work harder and vibrates. Most stator faults are caused by insulation breakdown which leads to winding failure. For lack of a better description the problem motor seemed to have more of a roar than the other two motors. The vibration spectrum may show a high amplitude at 1 X rpm and may or may not have pole passing frequency side bands. The first one is the induction motor synchronous speed that is given by (2): N S = f 1 p E2. Overheating Motors. Torsional vibration or unsteady conditions from a reciprocating compressor are superimposed over the ste-state operation of an induction ady motor. With proper knowledge and… 3.6. With proper knowledge and… Induction is the creation of an electric current across a gap. Broken, cracked rotor bars, bad joints between end rings and rotor bars and end ring problems have unique and easily recognizable symptoms. Contaminated lubricant. RMS value = peak to peak value x 0.707 Earlier when the motor was in good condition we got the values around 0.002g. Lubricant of poor quality or incompatible with the application. It is imperative, in all production operations that downtime be avoided. Among them squirrel-cage induction motor is more rugged and work more efficiently compared to wound-rotor induction motor. ). The figure shows three different coil regions A, B, and C in the stator representing three phases of the motor. If the problem is in the centrifugal switch, thermal switch, or capacitor, the motor is usually serviced and repaired. Vibration problems in large induction motors can be extremely frustrating and may lead to reduced motor reliability. Master the art of vibration monitoring of induction motors with this unique guide to on-line condition assessment and fault diagnosis, building on the author's fifty years of investigative expertise.It includes:*Robust techniques for diagnosing of a wide range of common faults, including shaft misalignment and/or soft foot, rolling element bearing faults, sleeve bearing faults, magnetic and . It is imperative, in all operations and manufacturing processes that down time is avoided or minimized. A few weeks ago my furnace developed a vibration that can be heard throughout the house. We investigate the motor's start-up dynamics by coupling the electromagnetic analysis with the rotor dynamics, including the inertial . 10analys Ppt Vibration Problems In Electrical Machines Estimating Power Factor Of Induction Motors At Any Loading Construction And Working Of 3 Phase Induction Motor On Ship Electric Motor Problems Accendo Reliability Comparison Among Various Approaches For The Optimal Feedback Numerical Examples Slip Ring Induction Motor How It Works VOLTAGE VARIATION Many problems are a result of high or low voltage, unbalanced Their detection is possible by vibration monitoring of characteristic bearing frequencies. Thus, vibration analysis is a credible diagnostic tool for fault diagnosis. By using different technique of Testing of Induction Motor along with standard vibration analysis, voltage monitoring, and temperature monitoring provides a complete diagnostic perspective of motor health and condition, power consumption, and overall efficiency. With proper knowledge of the vibration sources, appropriate vibration measurement, and . It is imperative, in all production operations that downtime be avoided . In systems that operate at 60Hz, the vibration frequency is 120Hz. • Motor has inadequate torque to drive the load. complexity when attempts are made to quantify the severity of the problem via vibration analysis. These problems include the following. Failures in the lubrication procedure, excess or deficiency of lubricant. Mark the shaft position.Then uncouple it, removing the coupling completely from the motor (to give it some space to move) and re-start the motor, marking where the center moved . Watch this video and learn how the MCEMAX was used to diagnose a significant rotor fault and avoid a $120,000 cost. HAKAN ÇALIŞ 192 JOURNAL OF MEASUREMENTS IN ENGINEERING.DECEMBER 2014, VOLUME 2, ISSUE 4 algorithm the following steps are used to transform a time-based vector into a frequency-based vector: - The data is broken up into user-specified / sections. This article presents a basic explanation of electric motor construction and operation along with eleven problems that can be encountered with their use. Torsional Vibration Problem in Reciprocating Compressor . The induction motor frame is electrified. 59. In this method, an induction motor's tremor is measured and recorded regularly to single out certain irregularities in the motor's behavior. The ID fan is driven by a 350 HP induction motor (Figure 1). The misalignment experiments reveal that improper motor in- Induction motors generate multitple vibration frequencies that are inherent to their design and application. The efficiency of this technique for diagnosing electromagnetic problems in the motor depends on the ability to analyse vibration data. If the motor is less than 1/8 HP, it is almost always replaced. For example, oscillating sanders and vibratory tumblers rely on vibration to function. RMS value = peak to peak value x 0.707 Earlier when the motor was in good condition we got the values around 0.002g. Vibration problems in industrial induction motors can be extremely frustrating and may lead to greatly reduced reliability. In electric motors, bearing problems are usually caused by one of the following causes: Bad assembly, excessive preload or wear of bearing housing. They include: 1. Most problems with single-phase motors involve the centrifugal switch, thermal switch, or capacitor(s). thx for all Attachments Hide Vibration monitoring is the measurement of a machine motion due to internal and external forces, which can be mechanical, electrical or magnetic [64]. If a problem occurs due to vibration the source of the problem should be quickly identified and corrected. It is imperative, in all operations and manufacturing processes that down time is avoided or minimized. Some problems could be avoided if the application and environment were understood, while others may be caused by a changing environment in which the motor operates, and, of course, some are due to the motor itself. • Unsatisfactory vibration. Abstract: Vibration problems in induction motors can be extremely frustrating and may lead to greatly reduced reliability. If a motor problem does occur, the source of the problem needs to be promptly identified and corrected. An Analytical Approach to Solving Motor Vibration Problems. This chapter is a precursor to the presentation of industrial case histories in Chapters 5 to 8 using conventional vibration spectrum analysis (VSA) to diagnose the onset of faults in rolling element bearings before actual bearing failures occur. 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